Low-wage Work in Germany

近年來，德國政府有意擴大低工資工作部門，努力降低特別高的失業率。結果，德國從事低收入工作的勞動力所佔的份額現在可以與美國相媲美。

德國低工資工作考察了聯邦政策和不斷變化的經濟狀況，這些都促使低工資工作的增加。新的“小型工作”反映了聯邦政府試圖讓某些低薪工作對雇主和僱員都具有吸引力。雇主支付低福利費，每週工作時間有限的員工免除社會保險和稅收。

其他因素，包括經濟增長緩慢，集體談判制度不斷下降以及外國工人湧入，也導致低工資工作日益增多。然而，儘管德國和美國都擁有大量低薪工人，但德國工人獲得健康保險，享受四周帶薪休假，以及美國大多數低薪工人只能夢想的慷慨老年撫養津貼。德國的經驗為探索失業與低工資工作之間的難題取捨提供了重要機會。

In recent years, the German government has intentionally expanded the low-wage work sector in an effort to reduce exceptionally high levels of unemployment. As a result, the share of the German workforce employed in low-paying jobs now rivals that of the United States. Low Wage Work in Germany examines both the federal policies and changing economic conditions that have driven this increase in low-wage work. The new “mini-job” reflects the federal government’s attempt to make certain low-paying jobs attractive to both employers and employees. Employers pay a low flat rate for benefits, and employees, who work a limited number of hours per week, are exempt from social security and tax contributions. Other factors, including slow economic growth, a declining collective bargaining system, and the influx of foreign workers, also contribute to the growing incidence of low-wage work. Yet while both Germany and the United States have large shares of low-wage workers, German workers receive health insurance, four weeks of paid vacation, and generous old age support—benefits most low-wage workers in the United States can only dream of. The German experience offers an important opportunity to explore difficult trade-offs between unemployment and low-wage work.

    Gerhard Bosch   (Autor)  

Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation 

ISBN:   978-0871540621 

 原價   US:9.95  台幣價:330