Working Law: Courts, Corporations, and Symbolic Civil Rights (Chicago Series in Law and Society)
自“民權法案”通過以來，幾乎所有公司都制定了反歧視政策。雖然這些政策取得了一些進展，但是在整個工作場所，女性和少數民族的代表性仍然不足，而在高層職位上，婦女和少數民族的代表性更高。他們也往往不太好。儘管廣泛採用旨在防止歧視的政策，歧視在美國的工作場所仍然如此普遍。
勞倫·B·埃德爾曼（Lauren B. Edelman）認為，反歧視政策取得有限成功的一個原因是，管理公司的法律是寬泛而模糊的，因此管理者在塑造日常實踐中的意義方面發揮了關鍵作用。通常，政策和程序產生的結果主要是像徵性的，不能消除長期存在的歧視模式。更麻煩的是，公司內部發生的這些法律的意義往往最終回到法律領域，對原告，被告甚至法官的律師都沒有顯著的影響。如果法院希望有反歧視政策和人事手冊來推斷公平的做法和多元化培訓計劃的存在，而不檢查這些政策是否有效地打擊歧視和實現種族和性別多樣性，那麼他們就會掀起一種與眾不同的寬容做法法律理想。
Since the passage of the Civil Rights Act, virtually all companies have antidiscrimination policies in place. Although these policies represent some progress, women and minorities remain underrepresented within the workplace as a whole and even more so when you look at high-level positions. They also tend to be less well paid. How is it that discrimination remains so prevalent in the American workplace despite the widespread adoption of policies designed to prevent it?
One reason for the limited success of antidiscrimination policies, argues Lauren B. Edelman, is that the law regulating companies is broad and ambiguous, and managers therefore play a critical role in shaping what it means in daily practice. Often, what results are policies and procedures that are largely symbolic and fail to dispel long-standing patterns of discrimination. Even more troubling, these meanings of the law that evolve within companies tend to eventually make their way back into the legal domain, inconspicuously influencing lawyers for both plaintiffs and defendants and even judges. When courts look to the presence of antidiscrimination policies and personnel manuals to infer fair practices and to the presence of diversity training programs without examining whether these policies are effective in combating discrimination and achieving racial and gender diversity, they wind up condoning practices that deviate considerably from the legal ideals.
Lauren B. Edelman (Autor)
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 978-0226400761
原價 US:30 NT$:1027 ||PIXNET_ARTICLE_TAGS||痞市集,圖書╱雜誌
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